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Description: The Nilgiri tahr (Nilgiritragus hylocrius) is a unique and endangered mountain goat native to southern India. It is found exclusively in the high-altitude regions of the Western Ghats, making it an important symbol of this biodiversity-rich area. Its habitat includes steep rocky cliffs and rolling grasslands at elevations between 1,200 and 2,600 meters. Notable protected areas where it can be seen include Eravikulam National Park and Mukkurthi National Park. The Nilgiri tahr has a sturdy, compact body covered with short, coarse fur that helps it adapt to its cool, windy environment. Adult males are larger than females and are easily recognised by a dark “saddle patch” on their backs and thick, curved horns. Females are smaller, lighter in colour, and also possess shorter horns. 

These animals are highly skilled climbers, allowing them to move effortlessly across steep and rugged terrain. As herbivores, Nilgiri tahrs feed mainly on grasses, herbs, and shrubs. They typically graze during the early morning and late afternoon, avoiding the heat of the day. Socially, they are often seen in herds, with females and young forming groups, while males may remain solitary or join herds during the breeding season. The species is currently classified as endangered due to habitat loss, historical hunting, and increasing human disturbance. However, conservation measures, especially within protected parks like Eravikulam, have contributed to stabilising their population. Continued efforts are essential to ensure the survival of this remarkable species in its natural habitat.