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Description: Kalakkad is a scenic village located in the Tirunelveli district, surrounded on three sides by the majestic Western Ghats. This unique geographical setting gives the region a cool, windy climate and rich vegetation, making it one of the most fertile areas in the district. Due to its natural wealth, Kalakad has historically been an important region, ruled by powerful dynasties such as the Cheras and Pandyas, followed by the Nawabs and the British. A significant feature of this region is the Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), a protected forest area known for its remarkable biodiversity. It serves as a habitat for many endangered species, including the rare Lion-tailed Macaque. This primate is easily recognised by its black fur and distinctive silver-grey mane surrounding its face. 

Its long, thin tail ends in a tuft, resembling that of a lion, which gives the species its name. The lion-tailed macaque has several unique features, such as cheek pouches for storing food and opposable fingers that help it move efficiently through trees. Despite its adaptability, the species faces serious threats due to habitat loss. Human activities like agriculture, plantation expansion (tea, coffee, teak, and cinchona), construction of reservoirs, and power projects have led to the fragmentation of its natural habitat. During the late 1970s, concern for this endangered species led to a major environmental movement centred around Silent Valley. Conservation efforts since then have improved the situation. As per to a 2020 report, the total population of lion-tailed macaques is about 4,000 across South India, and their status has improved due to sustained protection efforts.